Clay animation got its start way back in 1897 when modeling clay was invented. Artists began to sculpt characters out of clay. They would then take multiple still pictures of the character, moving the character slightly in between each picture.
When those pictures were displayed quickly in succession, they created the illusion of movement. The first clay animation film — The Sculptor's Welsh Rarebit Dream — was produced in 1908 by Edison Manufacturing.
Since clay characters must be moved or changed only slightly in between every single still picture, clay animation is a lot of work. As a result, clay animation films are often shorter than other types of animated films.
For example, a typical animated movie requires 24 frames — also called stops — for one second of playback. That equates to 24 still pictures for each second of movie time.
Because clay animation is so much work, clay animators often do double stops. This means they use the same picture twice in a row to cut down on the number of stops needed. Doing doubles, they still need 12 still pictures for each second of movie time.
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